Inject a stable nominal reference, e. 5 V phase-to-neutral for a 110 V PT. What I look for first: green checks on CT/VT polarity, healthy PT fuses, and nominal. Observe polarity on both. transformer) or not towards the protected object. This can easily ientation can be either way without effect on the relay. This is shown in the. Protective Relays - Technical Seminar Nov 2016 - Copyright: IEEE 2 Abstract: Protective relays and devices have been developed over 100 years ago to provide “lastline”of defense for the electrical systems. They are intended to quickly identify a fault and isolate it so the balance of the system. Differential protection works on the principle of comparing currents entering and leaving a protected zone. CTs are placed on both sides—typically the primary and secondary sides of a transformer. The differential relay calculates the difference between these two currents. For example, unselective protection operation during a medium voltage network fault will cause an outage for an unnecessarily large number of consumers. If you can't explain it to a six year old, you don't understand it yourself. However, sliding link disconnect terminals. Many microprocessor relays offer only negative-sequence polarizing, but there are limitations to the use of this method, especially on long lines.